Experiment with unicode homoglyphs

Homoglyphs or homographs are characters (letter and number) that look alike. A homoglyph attack is where a threat actor uses characters that look alike to deceive users into trusting an email or website when they should not.

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Explore the National Vulnerability Database

The NVD is the U.S. government repository of standards based vulnerability management data represented using the Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP). This data enables automation of vulnerability management, security measurement, and compliance. The NVD includes databases of security checklist references, security-related software flaws, misconfigurations, product names, and impact metrics.

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Learn about CVEs

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) is a list of publicly disclosed computer security flaws. When someone refers to a CVE, they mean a security flaw that's been assigned a CVE ID number.

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Learn about CWEs

CWE is a community-developed list of software and hardware weakness types. It serves as a common language, a measuring stick for security tools, and as a baseline for weakness identification, mitigation, and prevention efforts.

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Learn about the MITRE ATT&CK framework

MITRE ATT&CK® is a globally-accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations. The ATT&CK knowledge base is used as a foundation for the development of specific threat models and methodologies in the private sector, in government, and in the cybersecurity product and service community.

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Read about a NIST cyber security standard e.g. 800-53

NIST Special Publication 800-53 provides a catalog of security and privacy controls. It is published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST develops and issues standards, guidelines, and other publications.

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Read about Cyber Physical systems

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are engineered systems that are built from, and depend upon, the seamless integration of computation, and physical components. Examples include the power grid, transportation systems, autonomous vehicles, robotics, and medical implantable devices.

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Read an NCSC guidance document

The UK's National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) publish guidance and reports across a wide range of topics. Reading one of these guides will give you insight into the challenges faced in the real world.

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Read a Project Zero write up

Project Zero is a team of security analysts employed by Google tasked with finding zero-day vulnerabilities. They provide comprehensive write-ups of the vulnerabilities they discover, and their work to work with the wide community to remediate them.

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Read PagerDuty's 'Security Training for Everyone'

This is an open-source version of "Security Training for Everyone", PagerDuty's internal employee security training, given to all PagerDuty employees as part of our annual security training program. The main topics covered in this training are: Social Engineering - Primarily phishing and how to detect and report such attacks. Passwords - A crash course in how passwords are cracked, and why it’s important to have strong passwords. Physical Security - Guidelines for maintaining the security of our offices and equipment. Data Handling - The different types of data we have and how to properly handle that data. Compliance - How compliance affects our day-to-day operations.

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Read SystemDesign.org’s Textbook for System Design Interviews

Understanding how other systems are designed can help us to spot weaknesses and improve the security of our own designs.

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Read the Computer Misuse Act

The Computer Misuse Act 1990 attempts to discourage people from using computers for illegal purposes. Also consider reading the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) guidance.

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Read the CyBOK Adversarial Behaviours Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Applied Cryptography Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Authentication, Authorisation & Accountability Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Cryptography Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Cyber Physical Systems Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Distributed Systems Security Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Forensics Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Formal Methods for Security Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Hardware Security Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Human Factors Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Law & Regulation Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Malware & Attack Technologies Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Network Security Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Operating Systems & Virtualisation Security Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Physical Layer and Telecommunications Security Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Privacy & Online Rights Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Risk Management & Governance Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Secure Software Lifecycle Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Security Operations & Incident Management Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Software Security Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the CyBOK Web & Mobile Security Knowledge Area introduction

The Cyber Security Body Of Knowledge is a comprehensive Body of Knowledge to inform and underpin education and professional training for the cyber security sector. The CyBOK project aims to bring cyber security into line with the more established sciences by distilling knowledge from major internationally-recognised experts to form a Cyber Security Body of Knowledge that will provide much-needed foundations for this emerging topic. The project, funded by the National Cyber Security Programme, is led by the University of Bristol's Professor Awais Rashid, along with other leading cyber security experts - including Professor Andrew Martin, Professor Steve Schneider, Dr Yulia Cherdantseva, Dr Rod Chapman and Dr Marina Krotofil.

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Read the OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS)

The OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS) Project provides a basis for testing web application technical security controls and also provides developers with a list of requirements for secure development. The primary aim of the OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS) Project is to normalize the range in the coverage and level of rigor available in the market when it comes to performing Web application security verification using a commercially-workable open standard. The standard provides a basis for testing application technical security controls, as well as any technical security controls in the environment, that are relied on to protect against vulnerabilities such as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and SQL injection. This standard can be used to establish a level of confidence in the security of Web applications.

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Read the OWASP Top 10

The OWASP Top 10 is a standard awareness document for developers and web application security. It represents a broad consensus about the most critical security risks to web applications.

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Read the SANS New to Cyber Field Manual

This guide was created to help YOU figure out the best path to get into cybersecurity. Use it to help develop your skills and find a network of people to support you getting into the industry.

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Understand the OSI network model

The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a model of the communication functions of a telecommunication system or computing system.

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Use a password manager

A password manager (or a web browser) can store all your passwords securely, so you don’t have to worry about remembering them. This allows you to use unique, strong passwords for all your important accounts (rather than using the same password for all of them, which you should never do).

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Use Diceware to general a password

Diceware uses rolls of a dice and a word list to help you create a new, secure, passphrase.

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